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INDIANAPOLIS | Overturning a common law dating back to the English Magna Carta of 1215, the Indiana Supreme Court ruled Thursday that Hoosiers have no right to resist unlawful police entry into their homes.
In a 3-2 decision, Justice Steven David writing for the court said if a police officer wants to enter a home for any reason or no reason at all, a homeowner cannot do anything to block the officer's entry.
"We believe ... a right to resist an unlawful police entry into a home is against public policy and is incompatible with modern Fourth Amendment jurisprudence," David said. "We also find that allowing resistance unnecessarily escalates the level of violence and therefore the risk of injuries to all parties involved without preventing the arrest."
David said a person arrested following an unlawful entry by police still can be released on bail and has plenty of opportunities to protest the illegal entry through the court system.
The court's decision stems from a Vanderburgh County case in which police were called to investigate a husband and wife arguing outside their apartment.
When the couple went back inside their apartment, the husband told police they were not needed and blocked the doorway so they could not enter. When an officer entered anyway, the husband shoved the officer against a wall. A second officer then used a stun gun on the husband and arrested him.
Professor Ivan Bodensteiner, of Valparaiso University School of Law, said the court's decision is consistent with the idea of preventing violence.
"It's not surprising that they would say there's no right to beat the hell out of the officer," Bodensteiner said. "(The court is saying) we would rather opt on the side of saying if the police act wrongfully in entering your house your remedy is under law, to bring a civil action against the officer."
Justice Robert Rucker, a Gary native, and Justice Brent Dickson, a Hobart native, dissented from the ruling, saying the court's decision runs afoul of the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.
"In my view the majority sweeps with far too broad a brush by essentially telling Indiana citizens that government agents may now enter their homes illegally -- that is, without the necessity of a warrant, consent or exigent circumstances," Rucker said. "I disagree."
Rucker and Dickson suggested if the court had limited its permission for police entry to domestic violence situations they would have supported the ruling.
But Dickson said, "The wholesale abrogation of the historic right of a person to reasonably resist unlawful police entry into his dwelling is unwarranted and unnecessarily broad."
This is the second major Indiana Supreme Court ruling this week involving police entry into a home.
On Tuesday, the court said police serving a warrant may enter a home without knocking if officers decide circumstances justify it. Prior to that ruling, police serving a warrant would have to obtain a judge's permission to enter without knocking.
The court's decision stems from a Vanderburgh County case in which police were called to investigate a husband and wife arguing outside their apartment.
When the couple went back inside their apartment, the husband told police they were not needed and blocked the doorway so they could not enter. When an officer entered anyway, the husband shoved the officer against a wall. A second officer then used a stun gun on the husband and arrested him.
I dont see why the police shoulntd be able to enter the home in that situation. There is a call of a domestic and the husband wont allow the cops to see or speak to the wife. It would be wrong if the officers didnt make contact with the wife. What if they left and the wife was inside bleeding to death? Who would get the blame then?
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"What if they left and the wife was inside bleeding to death? Who would get the blame then?"
Probably the person who inflicted her injuries. I would assume if the cops thought someone was bleeding to death, that would fall under the realm of exigent circumstances or probable cause.
This "We can go in and you can sue us later if we're wrong" rationale is insane. I hate to bring out the N-word, but I think German citizens had more rights under the Nazis than Indianans have been given by their own court.
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Shouldnt the fact that there was a domestic reported and the male involved would let police see the female lead you to believe that there is a reason he does want them to see her? It does to me. I wouldnt have left untill I made contact with the female. If that ment going into the home then so be it. If I got sued I wouldnt be worried because I know I could justify going into the house. It doesnt say if the officers were on scene before or after the female when inside but it doesnt really matter.
"Probably the person who inflicted her injuries."
Doubtfull. If the cops left her bleeding inside she would sue them for not investigating it properly. She could blame the dirt bag that beat her but he likely doesnt have as much money as the police department.
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If the reporting is correct: "In a 3-2 decision, Justice Steven David writing for the court said if a police officer wants to enter a home for any reason or no reason at all, a homeowner cannot do anything to block the officer's entry."
I don't have a problem with the cops busting down the door if there's someone bleeding, what I object to is them having the right to bust down the door when someone isn't bleeding. That's dangerous as hell.
Where are Limbaugh and Hannity and the rest of the "government is trying to control our lives" crowd on this? Well, Limbaugh's probably hiding his stores of prescription medication in the wall safe, but Hannity should be outraged!
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I think they fixed an outdated law. It is so tricky when you can and cant legally go in a home that you have to let the courts decide it. You just cant shoot people and figure it out later. I seriously doubt a home owner knows when the police can lawfully enter there home without a warrant.
The second law about the search warrants, in Illinois you just apply for a no knock search warrant and the judge signs off on it if he agrees. Judges are like god, if they say it is okay then it is okay. Even if you dont have a no-knock warrant and only have a regular warrent the courts have found you only have to knock, announce yourself and wait less time then it would take them to destroy evidence. So if it is drugs that you are searching for it is knock and enter. In that case or in the no knock case the home owner would be clueless if the police were legal to enter their home at the time of entry.
What interested me about this case was that it reached Supreme Court in Indiana to start with. Most of the time bullshit cases like this get kicked out before reaching that level. In this case I guess it turned out good because it a outdated law.
Last edited by APRTW (5/13/2011 4:09 pm)
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the problem with most any law is its application. as long as cops are busting down the doors of criminals without a warrant, then voters aren't going to be up in arms about their civil rights, as wrong as it might be. what happens when the cops bust down the doors of law-abiding citizens? or they pass a law that makes criminals of what is today are law-abiding citizens? or they bust down MY door?
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To whit (from Drudge Report). How long have decent law-abiding conservative Americans tolerated unwarranted searches and pat downs of criminals, and people who by their very identity can be reasonable suspected of illegal activity because they are black, latino, Muslim, etc.? But the moment we get equal application of the law, and they try to pat down "MY" wife or children, feeling their breasts and crotch, then suddenly "I" am a civil libertarian.
"AUSTIN (AP) - The Texas House passed a bill that would make it a criminal offense for public servants to inappropriately touch travelers during airport security pat-downs.
Approved late Thursday night, the measure makes it illegal for anyone conducting searches to touch “the anus, sexual organ, buttocks, or breast of another person� including through clothing.
It also prohibits searches “that would be offensive to a reasonable person.�
Last edited by Max (5/13/2011 5:34 pm)
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Max wrote:
To whit (from Drudge Report). How long have decent law-abiding conservative Americans tolerated unwarranted searches and pat downs of criminals, and people who by their very identity can be reasonable suspected of illegal activity because they are black, latino, Muslim, etc.? But the moment we get equal application of the law, and they try to pat down "MY" wife or children, feeling their breasts and crotch, then suddenly "I" am a civil libertarian.
"AUSTIN (AP) - The Texas House passed a bill that would make it a criminal offense for public servants to inappropriately touch travelers during airport security pat-downs.
Approved late Thursday night, the measure makes it illegal for anyone conducting searches to touch “the anus, sexual organ, buttocks, or breast of another person� including through clothing.
It also prohibits searches “that would be offensive to a reasonable person.�
That applies to "airport security pat-downs" of people not expected of committing a crime. Funny that this issue was born because of lack of airport security and the problem it caused (9/11). Someone had to be the scapegoat, right? Use 20/20 hindsight to place blame on someone. Now the issue is people not happy with the measures airports have take to make sure these things dont happen again. So now you use 20/20 hindsight, nothing has happend in long while and blame the airports.
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not sure if this is what you meant, but it sounds like what you are saying is to profile people and pull people out of line for pat-downs if the they look like they are expected to commit a crime, and we're right back to having two levels of civil rights, one for the people we do not expect to commit a crime and another for the people who we do expect to commit a crime, in which case it all boils down to:
1) which people are doing the expecting, us or them?
2) which crimes/criminals are getting the proactive patdowns? If we can use the law to proactively confiscate and search the computers and phones of all bank executives on the presumption that they are expected to commit crimes, then i might be with you, and sit back and watch as some arab-looking guy's wife and daughter get fondled in a TSA line while mine walk through without a hitch.
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Max wrote:
not sure if this is what you meant, but it sounds like what you are saying is to profile people and pull people out of line for pat-downs if the they look like they are expected to commit a crime, and we're right back to having two levels of civil rights, one for the people we do not expect to commit a crime and another for the people who we do expect to commit a crime, in which case it all boils down to:
1) which people are doing the expecting, us or them?
2) which crimes/criminals are getting the proactive patdowns? If we can use the law to proactively confiscate and search the computers and phones of all bank executives on the presumption that they are expected to commit crimes, then i might be with you, and sit back and watch as some arab-looking guy's wife and daughter get fondled in a TSA line while mine walk through without a hitch.
I am not sure what you are talking about. Out in the world there has to be some degree of suspicion to do anything. Then if your suspicions are right you still have to articulate them for court. Not only that but normally your search is limited to weapons. You can never randomly search people, computers or anything. There is no such thing as a "proactive patdown".
As for airport security I dont think people need there anus touched but I dont think they should expect not to have their privacy violated some. they are using someone elses service. They dont have to use it if they dont want to do it under their conditions.
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as I said, wasn't sure what your point was, either. sometimes hard to understand and empathize from forum posts.
what i am talking about is that people who do not look like you or i have been complaining for years that they are subjected to racial or ethnic 'profiling', that is, they look like they might be expected to commit because they are black, muslim, whatever, and encounter enhanced security checks, whether on the street (e.g. DWB, driving while black) or else at TSA/airport security (where Muslims come in for extra screening, and a few imams were recently kicked off plane just for making the pilot uncomfortable).
so, my point is that nobody who is not guilty of a crime wants to be stopped and searched, and none of us want to see out wife and children groped. but some people have been complaining that this has been happening to them for many years as a result of racial/ethnic profiling.
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Max wrote:
as I said, wasn't sure what your point was, either. sometimes hard to understand and empathize from forum posts.
what i am talking about is that people who do not look like you or i have been complaining for years that they are subjected to racial or ethnic 'profiling', that is, they look like they might be expected to commit because they are black, muslim, whatever, and encounter enhanced security checks, whether on the street (e.g. DWB, driving while black) or else at TSA/airport security (where Muslims come in for extra screening, and a few imams were recently kicked off plane just for making the pilot uncomfortable).
so, my point is that nobody who is not guilty of a crime wants to be stopped and searched, and none of us want to see out wife and children groped. but some people have been complaining that this has been happening to them for many years as a result of racial/ethnic profiling.
Why do you tun everything in to a racial thing?
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it's not so much a racial thing as an equality before the law thing. your original point, as I understood, was that you do not object to the ruling that "Hoosiers have no right to resist unlawful police entry into their homes." Your opinion is perfectly valid, I have no beef with your opinion, although if I thought it through, my opinion might ultimately be that I would prefer if they required a warrant or evidence of a crime in progress to bust down a door (maybe your point is that the latter applied . . . ?).
My point was not so much about what is right and what is wrong, but rather, what is human nature. Many people will turn a blind eye to doors being bashed down and women being groped during an unprovoked pat down, as long as the offense is happening to "them" and not "us". "Them" can be defined anyway we choose, and it need not be racial. Religion works. Language. Wealth. Education level. Whatever works.
So unwarranted searches, which TSA patdowns arguably are, almost always result in grumbles or complaints from whoever is the target of the patdown--the subjective "us". But in the specific case of the TSA patdowns, "us" suddenly includes law abiding Texans, and so they passed a law to make it illegal. We would be very naive however to believe that unwarranted patdowns have not been going on for a good long while, however. But as long as it was happening to "them", the same law abiding Texans didn't do much about it--they might have even supported it if those getting groped were Muslims trying to board planes!
That's human nature, I maintain. It's an observation, that's all.
Last edited by Max (5/13/2011 8:21 pm)
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Airport searches are not unwarranted searches because they cant be held to the constitutionbeing that they are not part of the government. If you came over to my house to drink beer and I told you I was going to pat you down before you entered then I could do that. If you didnt like then you are free to leave.
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well, I said 'arguably'. but in any event, it doesn't get at my basic point about human nature. you or i might be willing to live in a world that has equality before the law, but many people are not. the hue and cry about unwarranted searches and seizures gets loud when people are concerned it might happen to "us", and not merely to "them". the texas law is a good case in point. they are trying to make illegal what you imply is a reasonable search. fair enough, we can debate the constitutionality of their law and be done with it. my point is, 'why now'? are they trying to protect their wives and daughters, and those of their close friends and family, from being groped during search, or are they truly concerned about the offense to human dignity of any wife or daughter who gets groped during a search that neither has a warrant nor has a tangible basis for expectation of criminal intent?
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It says that there was little debate. Likely because this inst ground breaking. I doubt many women had their anus checked during an airport screaning. I doubt they even pat people down much. they have metal detectors.
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"What interested me about this case was that it reached Supreme Court in Indiana to start with."
The only solace is it's going to get overturned on appeal in about five minutes. I don't know how this ultimately doesn't allow for unreasonable search and seizure.
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"Funny that this issue was born because of lack of airport security and the problem it caused (9/11). Someone had to be the scapegoat, right? Use 20/20 hindsight to place blame on someone. Now the issue is people not happy with the measures airports have take to make sure these things dont happen again. So now you use 20/20 hindsight, nothing has happend in long while and blame the airports."
Well, hindsight is all we have to go on, and it's difficult to fathom something on the scale of 9/11 until it actually happens. I think we've done the "Hey, how come nobody raised a red flag when a bunch of guys learned how to fly but not take off or land a plane, bought 1-way tickets with cash and didn't have any luggage but my 90-year-old grannie has to get felt up by the TSA?" Monday morning quarterbacking to a point it's no longer productive.
Flying will never be 100 percent safe, but I think everyone has to remember it's optional, not an involuntary requirement.
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APRTW wrote:
Airport searches are not unwarranted searches because they cant be held to the constitutionbeing that they are not part of the government. If you came over to my house to drink beer and I told you I was going to pat you down before you entered then I could do that. If you didnt like then you are free to leave.
I should have read ahead. Very eloquent.
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APRTW wrote:
Airport searches are not unwarranted searches because they cant be held to the constitutionbeing that they are not part of the government. If you came over to my house to drink beer and I told you I was going to pat you down before you entered then I could do that. If you didnt like then you are free to leave.
Actually, I don't think that's correct.
After 9/11, didn't all airport searches get taken over by the TSA or private groups who contract with the TSA? If so, the searches are being performed "under color of law" (the legal standard for constitutional claims) and would have to meet constitutional standards.
I doubt that Texas law survives constitutional scrutiny. The law requires specificity. If the prohibited conduct is unconstitutionally vague, the law is void. What is "offensive to a reasonable person?" Two people could engage in the ecact same conduct, but only one of them offend the person being searched. That's a huge problem.
AP, I understand what you're saying about the situation the police were in. I agree, that when you go to a domestic, you need to see the potential victim. But as I read that story, it seemed to allow the police to enter someone's home at any time for any reason. So for example, while I'm sitting here typing on my blackberry, the police could walk in my house and I would be powerless to stop them. I agree with Artie, that's unconstitutional.
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APRTW wrote:
It says that there was little debate. Likely because this inst ground breaking. I doubt many women had their anus checked during an airport screaning. I doubt they even pat people down much. they have metal detectors.
That doesn't jibe with news reports or pronouncements from the government that metal detectors do not work well enough and that pat downs will be intimate and ongoing.
Not sure if you have been following this, but Drudge Report and some conservatives have been making a big deal about the TSA pat downs, saying they are an invasion of privacy, unwarranted search, etc. I have seen pictures of men grabbing women's breasts from behind, there are documented stories of women having their breasts exposed in public during these searches, men and women are reportedly having their crotch grabbed (note that the Texas law prohibits all of this, including the anus thing, even when done over clothing). There are also reports that TSA guys are targeting attractive women for more intensive screening.
SeaTac uses the new full body scanners that basically take a picture of you naked. TSA claims that numerous safe guards are in place to ensure that no one gets a peep show out of this and that images do not get stored and uploaded to the internet. Drudge and other conservatives have been hammering away at this, too. There was a report of a TSA worker who was teased because during testing of the machine it was revealed tat his penis was small.
If you refuse the full body scanner, you get the full body grope. Nobody is refusing the scanner in light of the reports about the groping. It's hard for me to say how real all of this is, other than that I did the full body scanner on my last two flights.
There's tons of this stuff in the news these days, AP.
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Fors, or Max, or anyone else who's older than 30, do you remember that debate about the Miami cop from a couple of decades ago who became a national news story for his an uncanny ability to detect drug trafficking? He patrolled Route 95 and basically pulled over every car that fit a certain profile - occupied by Hispanic males and not speeding. The cop's logic was that by driving 55 mph, these guys were consciously obeying the law, which made them suspect since anyone with nothing to hide doesn't obey the speed limit.
Invariably, the trunk of the car would be loaded with narcotics, usually cocaine, and he'd make the bust. But the charges were inevitably dropped because the cop had no probable cause to stop the car and therefore no grounds to conduct a search.
I have no problem letting drug dealers rot in jail, but once you start letting people get pulled over for no apparent reason, you're heading for dangerous ground.
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"I have seen pictures of men grabbing women's breasts from behind, there are documented stories of women having their breasts exposed in public during these searches, men and women are reportedly having their crotch grabbed"
Sounds like a Jimmy Buffett concert.
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artie_fufkin wrote:
Fors, or Max, or anyone else who's older than 30, do you remember that debate about the Miami cop from a couple of decades ago who became a national news story for his an uncanny ability to detect drug trafficking? He patrolled Route 95 and basically pulled over every car that fit a certain profile - occupied by Hispanic males and not speeding. The cop's logic was that by driving 55 mph, these guys were consciously obeying the law, which made them suspect since anyone with nothing to hide doesn't obey the speed limit.
Invariably, the trunk of the car would be loaded with narcotics, usually cocaine, and he'd make the bust. But the charges were inevitably dropped because the cop had no probable cause to stop the car and therefore no grounds to conduct a search.
I have no problem letting drug dealers rot in jail, but once you start letting people get pulled over for no apparent reason, you're heading for dangerous ground.
i don't recall that guy, but i am aware of research that shows a different skill, that is, some people are exceptionally talented at detecting lies. there are claims that some of that skill is teachable. this is behind the israeli version of TSA, i believe. i have not faced it in israel, but have faced it in singapore (little known rumor that singapore has close, but closely guarded, ties with israel). basically, to get onto an american bound american flagged carrier, you must stand eyeball to eyeball with a person who looks directly at your face as he/she asks you questions and watches your responses. the belief is that such a system is best for determining who needs additional screening, or rather, who does not. it seems to have worked great for el al.
i agree with you that there must be equality before the law, and that profiling based upon race religion, creed, nationality, etc. undermines our system of government. others do not agree with us, and indeed our country was built in the post civil war years on sherman's maxim that the only good indian was a dead indian. kill 'em and take their land. that mind set remains in many of us:
blacks > street thugs: pull 'em over and frisk 'em.
latinos > drug runners or illegal: pull 'em over and search their documentation and vehicle.
muslims > just kill 'em: they're terrorists, terrorist sympathizers, or else didn't do enough to stop terror in the name of religion.
liberals > ignore or ridicule 'em: they hate America.
Last edited by Max (5/14/2011 12:05 am)
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"some people are exceptionally talented at detecting lies"
Fors may be able to confirm this, but I think cops are taught that drivers they pull over who frequently look over their left shoulder are hiding something. The same theory doesn't apply to their right shoulder. I don't know why.